Superphosphate yog cov ntxhia pob zeb rau kev siv dav dav, nws yog tsim los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm ntuj phosphates. Ntawm tag nrho cov macronutrients, txiv lws suav nyiam phosphorus, vim nws muab lub zog rau lub hav txwv yeem, nce lawv tsis kam rau huab cua hloov thiab huab cua tsis zoo. Ntawm tus nqi ntawm phosphorus hauv av, txiv lws suav loj hlob sai dua, lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam. Thiab nrog ib tug tsis muaj ntawm no macronutrient, nws yog tseeb hais tias bushes yog lagging qab nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob, thiab, raws li, dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo zuj zus.
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Phosphorus, uas yog nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj qee qhov zoo tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo:
- Nrog nws pab, nroj tsuag pib kom txiv hmab txiv ntoo sai dua;
- Macronutrient txhim kho txoj kev saj ntawm zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv ntoo;
- Cog kev laus ua qeeb qeeb;
- Nws txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, cov hauv paus qoob loo, tub, piv txwv li, qos yaj ywm;
- Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom uas cov nroj tsuag xav tau rau kev noj haus.
Muaj pes tsawg leeg quav
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog phosphorus. Nws tuaj yeem yog 20-50%.
Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias phosphorus oxide (P2O5), uas pom muaj nyob hauv cov chiv, soluble hauv dej... Qhov peev xwm no tso cai rau cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag kom tau txais cov tshuaj phosphorus sai dua.
Cov hom ntawm superphosphate
Monophosphate
Ib qho greyish hmoov, yog tias hauv av ntub txaus, ces nws yuav nyuaj rau pom. Hauv nws txog li 20% phosphorus oxide.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws yog qhov tsawg dua li ntawm lwm hom, tab sis vim tias nws raug nqi me ntsis, nws feem ntau siv los ntawm cov neeg ua teb thiab cov vaj.
Granulated
Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov superphosphate yooj yim, moistened thiab dov mus ua granules nrog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Kev npaj hauv granules yooj yim dua rau siv. Nws muaj 30% calcium sulfate thiab 50% phosphorus oxide.
Ob npaug
Nws muaj calcium monophosphate, uas yog zoo heev soluble hauv dej. Tab sis tag nrho cov chiv tsis yaj zoo heev.
Ammoniated
Hauv nws 40—55% poov tshuaj sulfate thiab 12% leej faj... Hom kab no muaj dej nyob hauv dej.
Nws yog siv los tso nws hauv radish, horseradish, mustard, zaub qhwv, uas yuav tsum muaj leej faj.
Kev Siv
Ob chav superphosphate - kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev siv
Muab ob zaug tso nyiaj rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ua ntej tsaws thiab thaum caij nplooj zeeg tom qab muab... Ntawd yog, kev nplua tshuaj siv sijhawm qee lub sijhawm rau phosphorus mus sib xyaw nrog cov av thiab yav tom ntej nqa cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws, pab cov nroj tsuag loj hlob thiab loj hlob.
Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hais tias tom qab thov cov tshuaj chiv, nws yuav tsum tso dej hauv cov av, tom qab ntawd cov chiv yuav yaj zoo dua thiab tom qab ntawd yuav nqus cov nroj tsuag zoo dua. Kev sib xyaw ntawm ob npaug superphosphate nrog nitrogen thiab potassium muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua qub.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm lws suav seedlings
Keeb kwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas lws suav seedlings tsis zoo heev nqus tau yooj yim superphosphate, yog li ntawd nws tau qhia kom siv ob chav granular.
2 lub lis piam tom qab dhia dej ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas lws suav, kev daws teeb meem muaj phosphorus tuaj yeem hloov mus. Sib tov 1.5 tbsp. ob npaug tso, 2 tbsp. dia poov tshuaj sulfate thiab 2 tbsp. dia ntawm ammonium nitrate. Ncuav tag nrho cov tshuaj no mus rau hauv kaum-thoob dej.
Zaum ob yog pub nrog tov nrog ob npaug 2 lub lis piam tom qab thawj zaug pub mis... Txiav txim siab 0.5 tbsp. dia ntawm ob superphosphate nyob rau hauv 3 liv ntawm dej ntshiab.
Ib lim piam ua ntej tsaws seedlings hauv av, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau pub nws thib peb lub sijhawm. Ncuav 1 tbsp rau hauv kaum-thoob dej. diav ntawm ob superphosphate thiab 3 tbsp. dia poov tshuaj sulfate.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm lws suav bushes rau lub xaib
Phosphorus muaj txhawb nqa kev tsim kho hauv paus khov kho nroj tsuag. Yub nqus nqus superphosphate tsis dhau, yog li kev pub mis yog ua tiav rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho kev tshem tawm lossis ib qho kev daws teeb meem.
Tom qab 2 lub lis piam tom qab tso cov yub hauv cov av qhib, ua kom muaj chiv: ntxiv 500 g ntawm quav rau 2 liv dej, tawm rau 2-3 hnub. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej siv, ncuav rau lwm 12,5 liv dej thiab ntxiv 25 g ntawm ob.
Xws li kev pub mis muaj tag nrho cov tshuaj uas cov nroj tsuag xav tau. Koj tuaj yeem ua nws 2-3 zaug nyob rau ib lub caij.
Foliar pub txiv lws suav
Nplooj txig nqus phosphorus, vim qhov no, yog tias koj txau cov txiv lws suav nplooj nrog chiv, cov nyhuv yuav nqaim dua hauv 2-3 hnub.
- Rau kev ua noj, koj yuav tsum tau dilute 1 tbsp. lub nkoj ntawm superphosphate lossis ib nrab ib tablespoon ntawm ob npaug superphosphate hauv 1 liter ntawm dej kub.
- Tom qab ntawv koj yuav muaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas muaj qhov siab zoo. Sau ntawv cia nws mus rau infuse rau ib hnub.
- Tom qab ntawd ntxiv ntxiv 10 liv dej.
- Txau cov lws suav nplooj nrog cov sib tov no.
Chiv ntau npaum li cas
Hauv 12 kg ntawm thaj av, qhov twg cov noob tau sown, nws yuav tsum nchuav 45 g ntawm ob lossis 90 g ntawm yooj yim, 300 g ntawm dolomite hmoov, 40 g ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate, 30 g ntawm carbamide. Tom qab ntawv lub zom zaws yuav muaj tag nrho cov khoom noj uas yuav tsum tau cog kom muaj zog thiab muaj yub muaj zog.
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, nphoo rau hauv av tshaj 1 m2 - 30 g ob npaug lossis 60 g yooj yim, tom qab ntawd khawb av, thiab hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav koj tuaj yeem cog yub.
Cov av twg siv
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo yog tau los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ntawm cov av nrog qhov nruab nrab lossis alkaline thaj chaw.
Thiab thaum siv nws rau ntawm thaj av nrog cov yam ntxwv qaub, muaj teeb meem nrog nws cov kev yaum los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Feem ntau, lawv sim ua cov chiv ua kom pheej ywg, uas yog, lawv siv cov khoom pheej yig thiab tsis ntshiab rau cov khoom lag luam superphosphate. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tsis muaj qhov sib txawv thaum siv cov chiv ntawm txhua hom av dua li cov kua qaub.
Superphosphate yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov av zoo li no, ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, raws li cov lus qhia, txij li txwv tsis pub nws yuav hloov mus rau hauv hlau thiab txhuas phosphates thiab cov hauv paus hniav cog yuav tsis nqus nws.
Chiv superphosphate pab cov nroj tsuag los ua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txhim kho lawv cov saj, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab kev noj haus zoo rau tag nrho cov nroj tsuag.