Thaum koj txiav txim siab los ua lub beekeeper thiab yuav ob peb tsev neeg, nws yog lub sijhawm rau cov khaus tshiab yuav tsum muaj. Cov tsev neeg loj hlob thiab ib pab thiab yuav tsum tau tsiv mus nyob hauv cov tsev tshiab. Koj tuaj yeem, yog lawm, yuav cov tau npaj tiav, tab sis nws yog qhov txaus ntshai yuav cov siv. Kuj tsis paub tias cov kab mob twg tuaj yeem yuav nrog lawv, tab sis lawv tom ntawm tus nqi tshiab. Ib qho tseem nyob - ua kom khaus khaus nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes raws li cov duab kos. Yog tias koj paub txhua txoj kev tsim khoom, ces nws tsis nyuaj txhua.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb tsuas yog tham txog kev ua muv nrog peb tus kheej txhais tes, qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab cov duab kos rau lawv. Peb yuav nrhiav paub dab tsi tus neeg nyiam ua haujlwm yog thiab yuav ua li cas nws.
Cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau los ua ib tug muv
Hauv cov sijhawm puag thaum ub, beekeepers mined zib ntab rau hauv cov hollows ntawm cov ntoo, tom qab ntawd lawv tau pib hollow tawm cov cav rau cov muv. Nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm beekeeping, lawv pib ua pov thawj rau cov muv nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes ntawm kev tsim qauv sib txawv, thiab cov khoom siv rau lawv yog qhov sib txawv.
Ntoo
Classic version rau ua cov khaus khaus. Hauv cov tsev zoo li no, cov muv xav nyob hauv cov huab cua zoo, ze rau cov qhov ntuj. Qhov hom ntoo zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua yuav ntoo cedar, txawm hais tias linden thiab aspen tseem ua tau. Cov khaus no ua pa zoo dua, hnov tsw zoo, thiab ua kom qhuav.
Aspen thiab linden khaus khaus xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Thiab cov no yog cov khoom kim.
Qee qhov beekeepers ua rau lawv tus kheej lub tsev muv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pheej yig dua. Cov no yog cov ntoo thuv, spruce, fir. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo li no, cov muv tsis xis nyob. Lawv sau cov dej noo thiab cov resins, tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshiab... Coniferous tsis hnov tsw. Tsuas muaj ib qho zoo hauv lawv xwb, lawv sov sov thiab xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev tsawg kawg rau lub caij ntuj no.
Plywood
Lub sijhawm siv dag zog thiab cov khoom siv rau ecological. Ib lub tsev ua los ntawm nws yuav tsum tau them cov xim pleev xim thiab rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab hauv nrog nthuav cov polystyrene, tom qab ntawd nws yuav qhuav thiab sov hauv nws. Tab sis plywood ntshai ntshai ntawm ya raws thiab yuav tsum tau tu ncua thiab tu kom zoo.
Txhab polystyrene
Cov khoom siv niaj hnub siv los ntawm beekeepers kom ua rau khaus. Nws muaj tus nqi qis thiab tsis xav tau rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv nyob rau lub caij ntuj no.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no tsis yooj yim thiab tsis yooj yim. Yog tias tsis xaiv zoo, cov zib ntab yuav piam sij mus.
Styrofoam
Qhov kev xaiv pheej yig tshaj plaws. Nws yog qhov ua tau los siv ntim khoom los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev neeg. Qhov ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv no yog nws pom kev txawm tias muaj cov thav ntawv. Zoo heev rwb thaiv tsev thermal. Qhov poob qis ntawm cov khoom siv no yog nws qhov tsis yooj yim thiab qhov xim tsis tu ncua, kom nws tsis txhob cuam tshuam los ntawm lub hnub ci.
Polyurethane
Cov cua sov ua tau zoo heev. Tsis lwj, tsis lwj. Cov pwm thiab kab mob tsis tshwm sim hauv nws. Nws tsis pub kom ya raws thiab nws tsis tuaj sab hauv. Muv, nas thiab noog tsis nyiam rau nws.
Ib qho teeb meem me me yog nws qhov kev kub ntxhov thiab qhov cua yog qhov yuav tsum tau, vim tias nws tsis pub cua dhau mus.
Ua tib zoo kawm cov cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom siv, koj tuaj yeem pib tsim lub tsev pheeb suab. Xav txog cov kev xaiv ua lub tsev ntoo thiab ua npuas dej.
Hom thiab tsim cov khaus
Ob peb hom muv siv los ua kom cov muv, sib txawv hauv kev tsim, ntim, khoom siv thiab ua haujlwm. Muab cov muv nrog cov vaj tsev tsim nyog txhais tau tias tsim cov kev mob zoo rau lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm, thiab koj tus kheej nrog sau qoob loo zoo ntawm zib ntab.
Muv tsev tau faib los ntawm kev tsim:
- tawg tau;
- tsis-cais tau.
Yuav luag tsis muaj leej twg siv tom kawg vim tias qhov nyuaj hauv txoj kev khiav tawm.... Txhua tus beekeepers siv thav duab khaus, qhov twg tus naj npawb ntawm cov thav duab tuaj yeem sib txawv. Qhov nrov ua nws-nws-koj tus kheej kev ua haujlwm yog lub 24-thav duab sab hnub ci. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev xaiv rau 16 thiab 20 thav ntawv.
Nyeg, ua xua khaus tau muab faib ua:
- kab rov tav;
- ntsug.
Txoj kab rov tav lossis "lounger" muaj ib lub cev. Kev nthuav dav mus raws ntug kev. Nws yog qhov yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj no, hloov cov naj npawb ntawm cov thav ntawv, tab sis lawv muaj qhov tsis zoo - lawv muaj ceem thiab hnyav.
Cov sawv ntsug ntsug muaj ntau lub tsev. Daim foos no yog hnav thiab txawb.
Ob daim foos siv ntau ntu. Lawv cais ntawm cov partitions, uas tso cai rau koj hloov lub ntim hauv txhua qhov kev coj.
Cov qauv nrov
Dadanovsky
Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua apiaries. Nws ua ntoo (cedar, spruce, ntoo thuv, linden, aspen). Cov sib txawv hauv qhov yooj yim thiab qhov dav. Muaj 12 thav ntawv thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav tau ntxiv thaum tsev neeg loj hlob, khw lossis tsev. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov muv muaj nyob hauv qhov chaw ua zes. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm kev sov siab thiab qhov kev nce hauv tsev neeg, lawv tau muab rau corps.
Alpine
Multi-Hive Hive. Tus tsim yog tus Fabkis beekeeper Roger Delon. Ua tau raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus hollow. Ntawd yog, qhov kev ua neej nyob ntawm muv tau tsim thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Kev tsim kev lag luam me me yooj yim rau cov chaw kaw tau... Nws tsis muaj qhov faib lossis khoob. Huab cua ntws tawm ntawm lub qhov dej.
Ruta
No DIY tsev muv npaj rau kev khaws muv nyob rau thaj tsam yav qab teb, vim tias vim muaj kev hloov kho tsis tu ncua ntawm cov tuam tsev, txo qis ntawm lub tsev tshwm sim. Muaj 6 lub tsev nrog 10 thav ntawv.
Kab Lia
Hauv kev sib txuas nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov muv ntawm beekeepers, kab xaum xaum xas xas tau nrov. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo li no muaj qhov muab faib nyias nyias, yog li ntawd, cov muv tsim microclimate ntawm lawv tus kheej.
Ua tsuas yog los ntawm ntoo thiab impregnated nrog siv quav ciab, yog li ntawd lub bees nyob rau hauv lawv yog qhov tsawg dua muaj tus kab mob.
Ukrainian lounger
Xws li tus tsim ntawm lub duav nyob rau hauv loj yog feem ntau haum rau cov pib tshiab... Lawv yooj yim los tswj. Yooj yim tsim, uas yuav tso cai rau koj kom txawj ntawm kev txawj ntawm beekeeping. Feem ntau xws li khaus yog 20 thav ntawv. Ob sab ntawm lub tsev yog insulated, yog li ntawd lub caij ntuj no bees zoo nyob hauv lawv.
Muaj ntau yam qauv ntawm cov pov thawj, tab sis cia peb nyob rau hauv ntau dua ntawm cov classic, lounger nrog tus lej sib txawv ntawm cov thav duab thiab ntau lub cev, lub cev tsis nyob. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, muaj cov khab khab hnub tuaj rau 16, 20 thiab 24 thav ntawv.
Yuav ua li cas tsim ib qho qub Hive kauj ruam yog kauj ruam
Vim yog qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim khoom, lub tsev pheeb suab Dadanovsky tau suav tias yog kev xaiv classic.
Rau kev tsim cov khaus, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov khoom ntuj.
Lub tsev kawm ntab muv ua muaj:
- Ib lossis ntau lub tsev.
- Ib lossis ob lub khw.
- Ru tsev npog.
- Hauv qab ntawm Hive.
- Qab nthab.
- Lub ru tsev.
- Lub moj khaum.
- Neeg pub khoom noj.
- Plug-in boards.
Kev qhia lub tsev muv nrog kos duab
Tam sim no cia peb tham txog yuav ua li cas thiaj ua-nws-koj tus kheej khaus cov kauj ruam yog kauj ruam. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm ntab muv tuaj yeem sib txawv heev, tab sis peb yuav tsom rau ib qho kev xaiv. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum:
- khaws cov khoom siv (linden, ntoo thuv, cedar, spruce, polystyrene, polyurethane, polystyrene), nws yuav tsum qhuav;
- nqa cov laug cam 4 cm tuab, mus rau kev tsim khoom hauv qab thiab lub cev;
- ua cov kab sib tsoo hauv cov laug cam kom txuas cov phab ntsa ntawm lub cev;
- ua strips 18 * 4 hli;
- txuas cov laug cam rau hauv daim thaiv, rau qhov no peb grease cov kab puab nrog PVA kua nplaum los yog kua rau tes thiab nias khov kho sib;
- koj yuav tsum ua tsib phab ntsa (ib qho yuav yog hauv qab);
- txuas cov phab ntsa rau ib leeg;
- lub cev qis yog sib sau ua ke;
- pleev xim lub tsev pheeb suab nrog acrylics thiab cia kom qhuav;
- koj yuav tsum tho lub hlwb.
Lub 15 hli tuab lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yog tsim nyog rau lub hau thiab sub-ru tsev. Sau thiab npog nrog tin kom tiv thaiv dej hauv. Xim. Ua rau lub qhov tso pa tawm 1.4 cm inch.
Qhov ntev:
- sab nraud thiab sab xub ntiag daim thaiv (cm): dav 53, qhov siab 32, tuab 4.
- sab npog (cm): dav 48, qhov siab 32, tuab 4.
- sab hauv (cm): dav 45, qhov siab 45, tuab 32.
Txhawm rau tso cov thav ntawv hauv lub cev, koj yuav tsum ua cov quav.
Qhov loj me 1.1 * 2 cm.
Yog hais tias muaj ntau lub cev-ua muv khaus, tom qab ntawd qhov ntev yuav txawv: 1 * 1.4 cm.
Daim duab ntawm 12 thav duab Hive:
Daim duab ntawm 10 thav duab Hive:
Tus ncej hauv lub zes yog 43.5 * 30 cm;
Kav thav duab - 43.5 * 14.5 cm;
Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm phab ntsa ntawm rooj plaub mus rau ib sab strips yog 0.07 cm;
Chaw nyob hauv qab ncej - 2.5 cm;
Ncej sab dav - 3.7 cm.
Beehive lounger rau 16, 20 thiab 24 ntas: kos duab thiab qhov ntev
Koj yuav tsum tau cov cuab yeej dab tsi thiab cov khoom?
- Ntoo, plywood, polystyrene.
- Tus kav, lossis ntsuas kab xev.
- Cov Duab;
- Hacksaws.
- Zauj.
- Laum, laum, tus kheej tapping screws.
- Txaug.
- Cov nplaum.
- Nqa tes ua haujlwm.
- Galvanized ntawv hlau rau lub ru tsev.
- Ntas qhov nyiaj ntawm 24 daim.
Khaus qhov ntev:
- thav duab 30 * 43.5 cm;
- lub cev (cm): ntev 87, dav 56.5, qhov siab 63.5;
- ru tsev ntev (cm): sab nraum 93.5, sab hauv 81;
- hauv qab tuab 3.5 cm;
- qis thais - 1.2 * 14 cm;
- lub cim nqis siab tshaj yog 2.5 cm inch.
Cov lus qhia ua ib ntab ntab rau 24 ntas
- Txiav seem ntawm cov khoom siv tau npaj raws li cov duab kos.
Tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb kom pom tseeb tias qhov qauv tsim ntawm cov pov thawj rau cov muv nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yog txawm thiab tsis muaj qhov khoob loj.
- Sau rau hauv qab. Txuas ob lub vias thiab lawj nrog av thiab rau tes.
- Txuas cov phab ntsa sab thiab txuas rau hauv qab. Ua ib daig kabmob tshaj li 2 cm hauv qab.
- Ua grooves rau thav duab nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab ntsa. Qhov loj me 1.8 * 1.1 cm.
- Txiav cov qhov nkag ntawm hauv qab no.
- Rhais daim ntawv nqa nrog thiab pawg xa khoom tuaj txog.
- Ua lub ru tsev. Ntsuas cov laug cam nrog cov ntsia hlau rau hauv qhov pos.
- Txuas daim qhib qhov rooj rau lub ru tsev.
- Npog lub ru tsev nrog tin.
- Ua lub qhov cua ua pa 20 * 0.03 cm rau ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Ntawm phab ntsa xub ntiag tho ib lub qhov nrog txoj kab uas hla 2.5 cm.
- Npog lawv nrog lub vas.
- Cov ceg khov kho mus rau hauv qab.
- Npaj pov thawj thiab xim.
- Muab cov ntawv nqa los ua kom nws nqa tau yooj yim.
Nws yuav tsum pleev xim dawb. Muv nco ntsoov cov xim no zoo dua. Cov xim dawb repels tshav duab tshav.
Yuav ua li cas los ua pov thawj lounger rau 20 thiab 16 thav ntawv
Kev tsim tawm raws li cov ntsiab cai qub nrog qhov sib txawv me me.
Multi-hull folded Hive: qhov ntev thiab kos duab.
Xyoo dhau los, lub tsev pheeb suab no tsis tau poob nws cov koob meej hauv kev siv. Kev tsim qauv yooj yim pub nws siv rau txhua qhov chaw. Thiab nws yog qhov yooj yim los tsim khoom.
Txhawm rau tsim lub tsev pheeb suab kom raug, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi tus qauv muaj:
- Cap.
- Ru tsev lossis qab nthab.
- Cov khw.
- Huab Tais Yes Xus.
- Hauv qab.
- Sawv.
- Lub moj khaum.
- Cais cov ntxaij ntoo.
Rooj plaub zoo li lub thawv. Nws loj los ntawm sab hauv (cm): 37.5 dav; ntev 45; qhov siab 24.
Nws suav nrog 10 - 12 thav ntawv ntsuas 43.5 * 23 cm.
Cov ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov cheeb tsam nrog huab cua sov, thiab rau huab cua Lavxias teb sab, qhov dav yog ua rau ib nrab ntawm ib cm loj.
Txo qhov loj me me ua rau muaj kev tsis yooj yim hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog thav ntawv. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem hu tau yog thaum lawv hnyav ncawv lossis hws nrog noo noo. Yog li ntawd, qee qhov nce ntawm qhov dav ntawm lub cev mus rau 38 cm.
Txhaum kev tsim tawm ntawm rooj plaub, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo siv cov laug cam. Lawv yuav tsum qhuav hauv ib xyoos. Thaum txiav cov ntu, cov laug cam yuav tsum nrog cov npoo me me (3-5 hli). Khoom seem qhia rau ntxiv haum ntawm qhov. Rau kev ua kom ncaj, nws raug nquahu kom tawm qhov sib nrug ntawm 1 cm.
Ua cov quav ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab sab nraud ntawm lub cev kom muab thav ntawv rau lawv. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg 1.1 thiab 1.7 cm .Qhov qhov tob no tso cai rau lub cev sab saud kom dawb.
Ntawm phab ntsa sab, koj yuav tsum muab cov leeg los yog tshem tawm me me.
Ib qhov 25 hli qhov yog drilled los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub Hive nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev rau qhov cua ntawm lub tsev.
Cov thawv nrog cov thav ntawv yog txuas nrog txhua tus nruj. Hauv qhov no, folds tsis siv. Xws li cov kev daws teeb meem zoo dua yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab tsim tau yooj yim dua.
Hauv cov tsev nyob nrog kev siv quav, thaum caij tsheb thauj mus los lossis kev txav mus los, muv feem ntau tau hammered rau hauv qis dua thiab khiav nkaum hauv daim phiaj quav, thiab tom qab ntawd tuag. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, lub tsev menyuam tuag nyob rau hauv lawv thiab cov beekeepers tso tseg xws li khaus nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm ib tug foldless tsim.
Rau kev tsim lub ru tsev, ib lub phaj nrog tuab ntawm 2 cm yog coj. Ib daim hlau thaiv tawm ntawm nws, uas yog them nrog galvanized ntawv.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua cov hauv qab tshem, ob sab.
- peb kab 57 * 6.5 * 3.5 cm - ib sab;
- ib 44.5 * 6.5 * 3. cm ntsia tom qab.
Ua puab ntawm puab. Dav 3.5 thiab qhov tob 1 cm. Dhos cov qauv U-puab. Qhov grooves yog npaj rau kev teeb tsa ntawm hauv av phaj.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab 50 hli hli tiv thaiv ntawm sab xub ntiag. Nws pab raws li cov xwm txheej tuaj txog.
Lub vov ru tsev (qab nthab) yog cov nrov plig plawg, sib sau los ntawm tuag, ntsuas 52 * 44 cm. Nyob ib ncig ntawm nws yog cov npoo ua los ntawm slats. Lawv yog 3.5 cm dav thiab 1.5 cm tuab. Ib lub qhov yog tsim hauv plawv. Nws xav tau rau qhov cua nkag nruab nrab ntawm cov tsev lossis tus pub khoom noj yog muab tso rau ntawm nws.
Lub hau tau muab tso rau ntawm lub cev nrog lub ntug uas tsis muaj ntug, uas tso cai rau cov muv txav mus los ywj siab. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua daim phiaj sib cais, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tus mesh yog khoom rau lub qhov.
Sawv.Nws yog tau ua los ntawm cov khoom noj raws li qhov loj me ntawm qab. Hauv seem ua ntej, ib lub phaj dav yog ntsia rau ntawm kaum ntawm 45 °. Nov yuav yog daim phiaj xwm tuaj txog.
Lub qhov ntev 2.5 * 9 cm txiav tawm hauv cov ntug sab. Lawv raug tsim kom muaj kev yooj yim thaum koj xav tsa lub tsev pheeb suab lossis kho nws thaum tsiv.
Txhawm rau nce lub neej ntawm cov blocks, saturate lawv nrog kua bitumen. Dissolve nws nrog roj av. Cov txheej txheem no yuav ua rau tsob ntoo tsis muaj dej.
Qhov loj me ntawm kev faib ua daim phiaj.Tsim los cais tawm ib qho kev rho tawm ib ntus ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Yuav kom cais cov brood lub cev los ntawm cov zib ntab sawv daws.
Qhov loj me me yuav tsum phim qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv. Nws muab tso rau ntawm kab ntawv. Ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis huv.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ncej.Lub cev thiab cov khw yuav ua tau los ntawm tes. Lawv yuav tsum phim cov duab kos.
Kev kos duab ntawm ntau lub cev khaus.
Cov thav ntawv hauv ntab ua plaub: ntau thiab tsawg thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm yuav ua li cas rau koj tus kheej
Ntas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov khaus khaus thiab feem ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua tiav nrog lawv. Los ntawm kev siv tas li, lawv dhau los siv tsis tau thiab xav tau ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, lub beekeeper yuav tsum ib txwm muaj mov loj. Txuag nyiaj, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua lawv tus kheej dua li mus yuav khoom tas li.
Ua cov thav ntawv, peb yuav siv cov cuab yeej hauv qab no:
- rauj;
- pliers;
- nrog ib qho awl;
- ntsia hlau ntsia hlau;
- nrog lub skein ntawm nyias hlau.
Siv cov khoom siv ntuj tsim rau kev tsim khoom. Nws yog qhov zoo dua yog tias cov no yog cov laug cam hauv lub xyoo. Ua ib tug ncej, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi seem nws muaj:
Sab saum toj bar.
Grooved los yog niaj hnub zoo li.
Hauv qab bar.
Lub tiaj, zoo nkauj, lossis dhau mus.
Sab cov khoom tuav.
Lawv muaj qhov rau rub tawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus.
Qhov ntev ntawm cov ntas nyob ntawm qhov tsim ntawm koj cov khaus. Qauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog:
- qhov dav ntawm sab saum toj thiab sab laug cam yog 2.5 cm;
- qhov siab ntawm lub block siab yog 2 cm;
- hauv qab qhov dav 1.5 - 2.5 cm;
- qhov siab 1 cm;
- sab nraud qhov ntev nws txawv ntawm qhov tsim ntawm lub tsev pheeb suab, tab sis feem ntau 43.5 * 30 cm.
Tom qab peb tau xaiv cov khoom thiab txiav txim siab rau ntawm qhov ntev, peb ua mus ncaj qha khoom tsim ntawm thav duab.
- Txiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov laug cam raws li qhov ntev ntawm daim duab.
- Txuas txhua ntu ntu nrog kev pab ntawm pob tw ntsia hlau.
- Tho 4 lub qhov thiab ob lub qhov ob sab rau ntawm ob sab ntug rau txuas rau cov hlau. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub qhov yuav tsum yog sib npaug.
- Ncab cov hlau. Pib ntawm qhov saum toj kawg nkaus thiab rub nws tawm nrog tus nab. Nco ntsoov tias cov hlau tsis hla rau txhua qhov chaw. Ua kom ceev nrawm rau kom nruj kom lub zuag hnyav txhob sib tsoo kom tawg. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum muaj 4 kab.
Ntawm cov thav ntawv npaj nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lub hauv paus yog tsau.
Tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas los ua koj tus kheej ntab muv nrog koj tus kheej tes nrog kos duab. Siv cov duab kos thiab qhov ntev, koj tuaj yeem ua nws yooj yim rau koj tus kheej, yog li txuag koj cov peev nyiaj thiab muab cov muv nrog kev ua neej zoo.